When are probiotics harmful? Contraindications and symptoms of excess

Probiotics are the natural inhabitants of your gut - you have trillions of them inside you. So it would seem that therapy with them is safe and shouldn't cause serious side effects... After all, they are your friends. And yet, despite this, they can sometimes cause harm.

Probiotics should be avoided by people with serious illnesses that affect immunity. But beneficial bacteria can harm not only in such extreme cases. Sometimes we can lead to their overgrowth, or simply overdo and make enemies out of friends.

See also:

• Probiotics
• Prebiotics
• Synbiotics
• Psychobiotics
• Sodium butyrate
• Butyric acid
• Natural probiotic
• Best probiotics for the gut
• Good probiotics for irritable bowel
• Probiotics during pregnancy and lactation
• Probiotics for weight loss

Can probiotics harm you?

Probiotics can harm you if you overdose on them or suffer from diseases that increase the possibility of bacteria from the digestive system entering the bloodstream. These include cancer, severe immune disorders or patients wearing an intravenous central catheter. People with food intolerances and allergies should also be cautious - probiotic preparations often contain lactoseand.

Who should not take probiotics?

Most scientific studies consider probiotics safe for use. They usually do not cause side effects, and if they do occur, they are mild gastrointestinal discomforts.

The majority of research studies have found probiotics to be safe.

Nevertheless, there are some groups of people for whom taking probiotics may be dangerous. This includes patients with serious illnesses such asand:

• immune disordered syndromes,
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• HIV/AIDS,
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• cancer (during radio- and chemotherapy),
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• short bowel syndrome,
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• perforations of the intestine,
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• intestinal obstruction,
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Probiotics are also not given to organ transplant patients, especially if they are receiving induction immunosuppressionand.

Allergic people and those with food intolerances should also be wary of probiotics. Many preparations contain lactose and other substances in their composition, which can cause strong and undesirable reactions in the bodyand.

Therefore, always check the composition of a particular probiotic before buying it - this will not only ensure that the bacterial strains are properly labelled, but also avoid unpleasant 'allergic' surprises.

Can a probiotic be overdosed?"

Any medicine in excess can become a poison. The same applies to probiotics. Even if you are a healthy person and have no contraindications to taking these beneficial bacteria, you can harm yourself. Some of the most common probiotic sins include:

• taking too large a daily portion,
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• taking too long a supplementation period,
• consuming several supplements
• consumption of several probiotic preparations at the same time,
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For probiotics to work effectively, they need to be taken for several weeks to several months. However, therapy longer than 4-6 weeks should be recommended to you by a doctor who knows your state of health and your body's needs. This is because it will only be appropriate in specific cases.

For more than 4-6 weeks, you should be advised to take the treatment by your doctor.

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We still have too few studies confirming the safety of using probiotics for a very long time.

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You may also be unknowingly using more than one preparation that contains probiotic bacteria in it. This is important: not all preparations containing strains of bacteria need to have in their name probiotic, synbiotic or other "biotic".

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Taking several probiotic strains at the same time, even well-studied ones with documented effects, can carry adverse effects. We can never be sure whether the strains will 'work' well together, so such a treatment should always be consulted with a doctor.

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A better idea is, for example, a two-week treatment with one probiotic and then switching to another. This way, we can catch possible side effects more easily," adds pharmacist.

This is precisely why it is so important to read the ingredients of the remedies you are taking. This applies to both medicines and dietary supplements - not just those with probiotics - sometimes you may be surprised. For example, some immune supplements, hair loss or even protein supplements contain probiotic formulas in their ingredients.

And finally: more is not at all better. There is no point in taking a larger daily dose of probiotics than the one recommended by your doctor or indicated by the manufacturer of a particular formula.

And what is the risk of taking more than the recommended daily dose?

And what are the risks of not following these rules? By taking too many probiotics, you can lead to an overgrowth of bacterial flora in the gut, i.e. SIBO syndromeand. When it comes to probiotic supplementation, to excess ... your stomach hurts.

Symptoms of probiotic excess

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Symptoms of probiotic excess include unpleasant gastrointestinal complaints such as persistent flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhoea that appears out of nowhere and lasts for a long time. These symptoms are indicative of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO). Left untreated, they can lead to malabsorption of vitamins and minerals from foodand.

As you can see, these symptoms are very similar to those resulting from microbiota depletion. However, if they have appeared during or at the end of a probiotic treatment - stop the supplementation immediately and see your doctor. SIBO syndrome can be confirmed by performing a special hydrogen-methane test of exhaled air. Another way is to perform a stool test.

SIBO syndrome can be effectively treated. This is usually treated with antibiotics and appropriate modification of dietand.

Side effects of probiotics

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It is important to know that even when taken correctly, probiotics can cause some side effects. Although research suggests they are safe preparations, sometimes people taking them complain ofand:

• gastrointestinal distress,
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• gases,
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• bulging in the abdomen (stimulated intestinal peristalsis),
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• diarrhoea,
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These symptoms, however, should not be very severe and last more than a few days after the start of treatment. If they are not severe and subside quickly - you do not need to stop supplementation. Your body needs a while to get used to the new guests in the intestines. However, if your symptoms worsen - stop taking the product and see your doctor.

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Another type of side effects are those resulting from allergy to a specific ingredient in the preparation. You may then experience:

• skin rash,
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• cough,
• cough.
• swelling (especially of the throat and tongue),
• difficulty in breathing,
• difficulty in breathing.
• difficulty in breathing,
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An allergic reaction is an absolute indication to discontinue a probiotic preparation. If you notice difficulty breathing or swelling in the throat and tongue area, contact your doctor immediately -these can be symptoms of life-threatening anaphylactic shockand.

How to take probiotics safely

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Ahead of you 5 simple steps on how to safely handle probiotics:

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1. To avoid overdoing it and hurting yourself, take probiotics according to the instructions on the packet or your doctor's directions. They should usually be taken on an empty stomach, about 30 minutes before a meal. Choose high quality preparations that contain well-labelled strains of bacteria and testing to confirm the quality of the product.
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2. Never exceed the recommended treatment period or daily servings of probiotics.
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3. Beware of potential side effects such as bloating, nausea or diarrhoea. If they occur, you can help yourself by reducing the dose and gradually increasing it back after some time.
4. Drink plenty of water.
5. Drink plenty of water to help the probiotics move through the digestive system.
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6. If you are taking antibiotics, wait at least 2 hours before taking a probiotic. Antibiotics can kill the bacteria, which will reduce the effectiveness of the product.
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Magister of Pharmacy Katarzyna Grajper throws in a handful more valuable tips:

• There are probiotic strains that are resistant to antibiotics and you can take them at the same time for convenience - ask your doctor or pharmacist about this, it all depends on the antibiotic you are taking and the probiotic you are using.
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• Sip the probiotics with cool water, too much heat can kill the beneficial bacteria. 
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• Do not open the capsules or dissolve them in juices, for example, unless the manufacturer clearly states that this is possible.

Remember that probiotics are only one part of looking after your health. Regular exercise, a varied, fibre-rich diet and adequate sleep are equally important.

See also:

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• When to take probiotics?
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• Probiotics before or after an antibiotic?

Summary

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• Probiotics should not be taken by people with certain serious illnesses, such as immune disorders, cancer, certain intestinal disorders.
• Probiotics are not recommended for people with certain serious illnesses.
• Probiotics can also cause harm when taken in excess: in too large daily portions or for too long a period of time.
• Probiotics can also cause harm when taken in excess: in too large daily portions or for too long a period of time.
• An overdose of probiotics can lead to SIBO syndrome, an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine that causes gastrointestinal distress.
• Probiotics can also cause gastrointestinal distress.
• In some people, probiotics may cause mild side effects such as bloating, gas and diarrhoea.
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• Probiotics can cause allergic reactions. If you are allergic or have food intolerances, check the formulation carefully before use.
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FAQ

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Can a probiotic be taken without an antibiotic?

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Yes, probiotic can be taken without an antibiotic. Probiotics are particularly recommended during and after antibiotic treatment, but can be taken independently. They are beneficial for intestinal health, improve digestion and strengthen immunity. Prophylactic use of probiotics is recommended, for example, before travelling to countries with a different climate to protect against so-called traveller's diarrhoea.

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After how long does a probiotic take effect?

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Typically, you may notice the first effects of taking probiotics after 1-2 weeks of regular use. For example, if you suffer from digestive problems, you may feel an improvement after just a few days. But the length of time also depends on the state of your health. With very depleted bacterial flora, you will have to wait longer for the effects.

What is important is that you do not stop the treatment as soon as you feel an improvement. Continue it until the end of the recommended period to achieve lasting results.

What is important is that you do not stop the treatment as soon as you feel an improvement.

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Can you overdo probiotics?

Yes, it is possible to overdo probiotics. Take probiotics as directed by your doctor or pharmacist. Excessive amounts can lead to side effects such as bloating, gas, abdominal pain or even infections.

Magister of Pharmacy Katarzyna Grajper also emphasises that the use of probiotics in too large quantities, can hinder the building of our own unique microflora in the gut.

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Probiotics are designed to restore the balance of the intestinal microflora, but too much of them can disrupt this balance and lead to an overgrowth of bacteria. Therefore, use probiotics in moderation and do not exceed the recommended dose.

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Do probiotics harm the liver?

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No, probiotics do not harm the liver. On the contrary, they can be beneficial. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when taken in the right doses, have a beneficial effect on human health human health. They help to balance the intestinal microflora, which is crucial for the proper functioning of the digestive system. In addition, they support the functioning of the intestinal barrier, which allows fewer toxins to enter the body. This action also relieves the burden on the liver, which is responsible for detoxifying the body.

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When to stop taking a probiotic?

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Stop taking probiotic if you observe worsening gastrointestinal symptoms or allergic reactions. Probiotic preparations should also be discontinued when the treatment period recommended by your doctor or the manufacturer of a particular product has expired.

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Can everyone take a probiotic?

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Probiotics are safe for both adults and children. However, some severe illnesses are contraindications to taking them. Preparations with probiotic bacteria should be avoided by, among others, people undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, those with severely reduced immunity (e.g. due to congenital disorders, organ transplantation or HIV/AIDS), those with perforations or intestinal obstructions, and patients with a central intravenous catheter.

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What can be substituted for probiotics?

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Substitute probiotic supplements with natural sources of healthy bacteria. Consume fermented foods such as natural yoghurt, kefir, pickles, miso or tempeh. These foods are rich in live bacteria cultures that support healthy intestinal flora.

Additionally, eat fibre, which is a food for probiotic bacteria - you'll find it in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds and whole grain cereal products. Avoid highly processed foods as these can upset the balance of the microbiota.

Be sure to lead a healthy lifestyle, including exercising regularly - this also affects your gut flora. It's all about maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal tract, which is key to your overall health and your wellbeing.

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Resources

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See all

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Amara, A. A., & Shibl, A. (2015). Role of Probiotics in health improvement, infection control and disease treatment and management. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 23(2), 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2013.07.001

Bures, J., Cyrany, J., Kohoutova, D., Förstl, M., Rejchrt, S., Kvetina, J., Vorisek, V., & Kopacova, M. (2010). Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome. World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG, 16(24), 2978-2990. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v16.i24.2978

Das, T. K., Pradhan, S., Chakrabarti, S., Mondal, K. C., & Ghosh, K. (2022). Current status of probiotic and related health benefits. Applied Food Research, 2(2), 100185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afres.2022.100185

Kechagia, M., Basoulis, D., Konstantopoulou, S., Dimitriadi, D., Gyftopoulou, K., Skarmoutsou, N., & Fakiri, E. M. (2013). Health Benefits of Probiotics: A Review. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2013, e481651. https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/481651

Kligler, B., & Cohrssen, A. (2008). Probiotics. American Family Physician, 78(9), 1073-1078.

Kothari, D., Patel, S., & Kim, S.-K. (2019). Probiotic supplements might not be universally-effective and safe: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 111, 537-547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.104

Office of Dietary Supplements-Probiotics. (n.d.). Retrieved 11 August 2023, from https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/

Probiotics Uses, Benefits & Dosage-Drugs.com Herbal Database. (n.d.). Drugs.Com. Retrieved November 7, 2023, from https://www.drugs.com/npp/probiotics.html

Sanders, M. E., Merenstein, D. J., Ouwehand, A. C., Reid, G., Salminen, S., Cabana, M. D., Paraskevakos, G., & Leyer, G. (2016). Probiotic use in at-risk populations. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 56(6), 680-686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2016.07.001

Shahrokhi, M., & Nagalli, S. (2023). Probiotics. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553134/

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What Are Probiotics & What Do They Do? (n.d.). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved November 7, 2023, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/14598-probiotics

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