Daily facial care step by step: how to care for your complexion?
See how to care for your facial skin to bring out its radiance and keep it looking young.
TekstEmilia Moskal
Tekst
Emilia Moskal
Natu.Care Editor
Emilia Moskal specialises in medical and psychological texts, including content for medical entities. She is a fan of simple language and reader-friendly communication. At Natu.Care, she writes educational articles.
Bart Turczynski is the editor-in-chief of Natu.Care. He is responsible for the quality of the content created on Natu.Care, among others, and ensures that all articles are based on sound scientific research and consulted with industry specialists.
Ludwik Jelonek is the author of more than 2,500 texts published on leading portals. His content has found its way into services such as Ostrovit and Kobieta Onet. At Natu.Care, Ludwik educates people in the most important area of life - health.
Articles on Natu.Care are written based on scientific research, data from government websites and other reliable sources. The texts are written in cooperation with doctors, nutritionists and other health and beauty experts. Articles are reviewed before publication and during significant updates.
Content on Natu.Care may contain links to products from the sale of which we may receive a commission. When creating content, we adhere to high editorial standards and take care to be objective about the products discussed. The presence of affiliate links is not dictated by our partners, and we select the products we review ourselves completely independently.
Abscesses, wrinkles, pimples, redness or broken capillaries. Every skin struggles with something. Proper facial skin care will help you solve most of these problems.
What does appropriate skincare mean? First and foremost, one that is tailored to your skin's needs. And the truth is that no one knows them better than you. Test, observe and see what works best for you. And to get you started, I have a handful of useful tips for you.
.
From this article you will learn:
What is conscious facial skincare.
How to use the best facial skincare.
How to cleanse your complexion properly.
.
In which order to apply the different types of cosmetics.
.
What active ingredients will work well for different skin types.
.
How to care for mature skin.
.
How the face can be cared for by men.
.
What are the principles of Asian skincare rituals.
The most important nutrition - from the inside out
.
Before you start spending money on expensive cosmetics, first invest in the right diet. Your skin will be best taken care of vitamins and minerals delivered from the inside out, meaning with food.
.
The skin is a less sensitive indicator that something is going wrong in our body, however, if we make rapid changes to our diet - we will see it immediately on the skin.
.
.
Julia SkrajdaDietitian
.
.
.
You can also support yourself with appropriate supplementation.
.
.
Equally important is physical activity. Yes, it too has an impact on the appearance of your complexion. The right amount of exercise improves circulation in the body and helps it to oxygenate. Studies suggest that it also has the effect of stimulating the synthesis of collagen -the main building block of skin, which gives it firmness and prevents wrinklesand.
.
Conscious facial care - where to start
.
Conscious facial care is all about knowing your skin type and its needs. You don't at all need to know how every ingredient in a cream works, but it's worthwhile for you to know what to look out for in different products.
Many people associate conscious facial care with using only natural cosmetics. Yes, products with simple, natural ingredients have long won our hearts, but you don't have to limit yourself to them.
The basis of conscious facial care is the use of natural cosmetics.
The basis of conscious facial care is to try - you are unique, and so is your skin. The cosmetics that worked for your friend won't necessarily work for you. Similarly, rigid skincare 'rules' - treat them more as guidelines and a starting point.
Stages of facial cleansing
.
The foundation of skincare is cleansing. If the skin is not cleansed, the active ingredients in cosmetics will not be able to penetrate the epidermis effectively. On top of that, you run the risk of blocking the sebaceous glands' outlets, pores and the formation of blackheads and pimplesand.
The fundamental sin of cleansing is to consider make-up removal as the sufficient and only stage of facial cleansing. Even if you have washed off your makeup toa clean cotton pad, your skin should also cleanse itself with makeup remover.
This is why facial cleansing should always be a two-step process:
.
first perform make-up removal,
.
then wash your face with a gel, cream or foam and rinse thoroughly with water.
first, make sure your face is clean.
Only a face cleansed in this way is suitable for the application of skin care cosmetics.
.
Facial care sequence
.
It's not just what, what you do during skincare that is important. The sequence of applying cosmetics and performing each step also matters:
First cleanse your complexion - remove make-up and wash your face. If you want to apply a scrub, do it now.
First cleanse your skin.
Stonify your skin to restore its correct pH.
First, cleanse your skin.
Time to nourish and regenerate. It is at this stage that you apply serum and cream.
In order to take comprehensive care of your complexion, it's a good idea to plan your skincare for the whole day. This is important because cosmetics with some ingredients are better used during the day, while others are better used at night. Set aside some time every week or two for extra care - applying a nourishing mask and exfoliating.
.
Morning facial care
.
In the morning, the most important thing is to protect your skin from harmful external factors, oxidative stress and sunlight. In addition, you need to prepare your complexion for the application of make-up (if you use it).
Cosmetics that work well during the day include creams and serums rich in antioxidants, such as vitamin C and those containing moisturising ingredients such as hyaluronic acidand.
.
.
.
{ product:6QOE8udGSWSh7JINKqnYx8 }}
Morning care step by step:
.
Wash your face with a gel or milk.
.
Use a toner or hydrolate to restore the skin's proper pH after contact with water.
Follow up with a toner or hydrolate.
Apply serum to a face that is slightly damp from toner and wait for it to be absorbed.
.
Apply the skin care cream and eye cream. Pat it in with your fingertips.
.
Apply sunscreen - whatever the season.
.
.
If your skin doesn't like rich skin care (it gets oily or clogged), you don't have to apply both a serum and a cream. You can opt for one type of cosmetic. However, I urge you to use a separate eye cream.
.
The skin in this area is extremely delicate and deserves a separate skincare product. In addition, face creams can irritate the eyes, so it is advisable to apply a dedicated cosmetic to the eyelidsand.
.
.
.
If, however, you're a fan of all-purpose cosmetics all-in-one, I've found a cream for you that you can use on your face and under your eyes without worrying:
.
It's also worth adding a facial massage to your morning facial care routine. You can perform it with a roller, with a gua sha stone (try chilling it in the fridge beforehand) or with your fingers. The massage will improve your skin's microcirculation and help you get rid of excess lymph, which is responsible for morning puffiness.
Evening facial care
.
In the evening, when you go to bed, your skin begins to regenerate naturally. You can support this process with cosmetics that have a richer texture. You also don't have to worry about whether your cream will be shiny, as long as it doesn't clog your pores.
Cosmetics with ingredients that react badly to sunlight are also suitable for nighttime facial care. These include, for example, retinol and its derivativesand.
.
Seasonal facial care
.
When the summer heat or winter cold is under your belt, it's a good idea to change up your skincare rituals.
Summer
.
Summer sun protection is particularly important. You should use it all year round, but if you're using SPF 20 most of the time, consider increasing your protection to as much as SPF 50 during the summer monthsand.
Additionally, air conditioning and the sun can cause skin to dry out. A good moisturiser or serum will prevent excessive water loss from the epidermis. So look for ingredients such as urea or hyaluronic acid in face creams for summerand.
{ product:35aGleHihotm7h5NvBxPWf }}
.
Winter
.
Winter is a time when facial skin is exposed to the adverse effects of cold weather. Low temperatures can cause redness and dilatation of blood vessels. It's especially important at this time to swap out typically moisturising cosmetics for those with a more lubricating and protective effect - especially if you plan to be outdoors for long periods of timeand.
Pro tip
.
If you haven't used your moisturiser yet, no harm done. You can use it at night (even if the packaging says it's a day cream).
.
Facial care by skin type
.
Facial skin is usually divided into three types: dry, combination and oily. Sensitive skin with a tendency to burst blood vessels and acne-prone skin should also be added to this division. Each type will require different careand.
.
Still, however, the basics for each skin type will be thorough cleansing, moisturising, sun protection and aiming to normalise the epidermal microbiome.
Dry skin care
.
Dry skin is dehydrated skin prone to dryness, redness and flakiness. Typically, dry skin owners experience an unpleasant tightening sensation after washing.
Dry skin care is the basis of dry skin care.
The basis of care for this skin type should be deep moisturising and soothing. Creams and serums for dry skin should contain two types of substances: hydrophilic and hydrophobicand. The former help to bind water in the skin. The most common are, for example:
hyaluronic acid,
.
collagen,
.
glycerine,
.
urea,
.
.
Hydrophobic substances instead help to retain water in the skin by creating an occlusive layer on the surface. The occlusive layer is a fine film that remains on the skin after the cosmetic has been applied and absorbed.
It is not greasy.
It is not a greasy film, but a pleasant feeling of protection. In addition to preventing water loss, the occlusive layer protects the skin from external agents and helps the active ingredients to better penetrate the epidermis.
Hydrocellulose is a protective film that remains on the skin.
Examples of hydrophobic ingredients in cosmetics include:
ceramides,
.
caster oil,
.
sweet almond oil,
.
beeswax,
.
In cosmetics, avoid drying ethyl alcohols such as Alcohol Denat. By the same token, beware of mattifying products, and in make-up formulations, those with a matte finish.
Care for combination skin
.
Mixed skin is a combination of dry and oily skin. Some parts of the face are prone to dryness, others to oiliness. Basically, this skin type requires two types of cosmetics: moisturisers for the dry parts and sebum-regulating products for the areas where the skin gets oilyand.
If you want to choose one cream for your whole face, look for regulating products, not mattifying ones. Mattifying the entire combination skin is a common mistake that can lead to a worsening of the difference between oily and dry areas, as the latter will become even drier.
Regulating creams should focus their action on normalising the sebaceous glands and moisturising. The best preparations also have soothing properties.
Regulating creams should focus on normalising the sebaceous glands and moisturising.
Oily skin care
.
I know that owners of oily skin sometimes feel like rubbing spirits on their face to finally stop shining. However, trying to aggressively mattify the skin (whether with cosmetics or home remedies) can counter-intuitively be even more damaging.
Excessive sebum production can be the result of hormonal imbalance or genetic susceptibility. However, it is often the result of inadequate skincare and habits, such as frequent hand touching of the face or poor dietand.
.
Oily skin can be dehydrated and excessive sebum production can originate from overly dry and irritated skin. Sebum is a mixture of lipids that is part of the skin's protective barrier. If the skin is irritated, the sebaceous glands will respond by working moreand.
How to regulate sebum production?
.
Remember to keep your body properly hydrated. Drink at least 2 litres of fluids throughout the day.
Drink the following.
Limit the amount of sugar and processed foods in your diet. Instead, eat more vegetables and fruit.
Try not to touch your face, for example don't sit propping your cheek on your hand.
.
Avoid aggressive cosmetics that can dry out the skin. Replace them with products focused on moisturising and regulating the sebaceous glands.
.
Wash your face twice a day - not more often. Excessive cleansing can also lead to overproduction of sebum.
.
Purchase gentle cleansers that do not damage the skin's natural hydrolipidic barrier.
.
Engredients to look for in cosmetics for oily skin are:
plant extracts from: burdock, field horsetail, rosemary, witch hazel, arnica montana or parsley, among others.
.
.
Important
Changing your oily skin care to a gentler one may feel worse for the first few days. It will take some time before the sebaceous glands realize that the irritants have stopped and sebum production can be reduced. Try to endure this and assess the state of your skin after 2-3 weeks or even after a month.
Care for vascular and sensitive skin
.
Sensitive and vascular skin is very easily irritated and tends to develop erythema. In addition, it often develops broken capillaries, which are visible in the form of characteristic spider veinsand.
Sensitive and vascular skin is most often dry, but occasionally it can also be combination or even oily. Its care should be directed towards handling it as gently as possible.
For vascular, sensitive skin, avoid:
spicy foods, red wine and drinking hot beverages,
.
violent changes in temperature (if possible),
watching the skin with your hands.
rubbing the skin with a towel when drying it,
cosmetics containing
cosmetics containing ethyl alcohols,
application of scrubs
use of mechanical scrubs (with particles) and highly exfoliating preparations, such as acids.
.
.
Sharp foods dilate blood vessels and increase blood flow. Processed foods or high glycaemic index foods are unlikely to bother a vascular complexion, but they can make it more susceptible to vascular breakouts if we don't ensure a proper supply of unsaturated fatty acids.
.
Julia SkrajdaDietitian
.
.
Healthy fats can be found, for example, in fish, olive oil, avocados or nuts. They increase the hydrolipidic film, immunity and elasticity of the blood vessels. And don't forget vitamin E, which stabilises unsaturated fats, has a strong antioxidant effect, soothes irritation and accelerates skin healing and reconstruction, adds dietitian.
.
Cosmetics for sensitive and vascular skin should first and foremost strengthen the skin barrier and blood vessel walls. Look for the following in skincare products:
If you want to cleanse your skin deeply, instead of mechanical scrubs, opt for enzymatic ones, preferably labelled as having a gentle action. You can also opt for cleansing masks, such as those with clay.
Acne skin care
.
Let's establish one important thing:
.
.
Acne is a disease that is treated by a doctor, preferably in collaboration with a cosmetologist. Home remedies will not work for sufferers of this disease. For example, the care for rosacea is completely different from that for acne vulgaris. Their only common denominator is the name itself.
The care described below applies to skin prone to acne lesions and blackheads, not affected skin.
It is worth mentioning that such skin is particularly sensitive. Its care should be based on relieving inflammation, regulating the sebaceous glands and proper cleansingand.
Two-step facial cleansing is essential when prone to blemishes. Remnants of sebum and cosmetics will clog the skin and are a great breeding ground for bacteria. Careful make-up removal and face washing will help you to reduce blemishesand.
.
Pro tip
Always wipe acne-prone skin with a disposable paper towel. This is the most hygienic way to dry your face. Traditional cloth towels breed bacteria - the bathroom environment is ideal for this - the damp towel is suspended in a warm and steamy place. This simple trick is more effective than you think.
In the treatment of acne lesions and blackheads, diet also has a considerable influence. High amounts of sugars, animal fats and highly processed foods can exacerbate a rash of pimplesand.
Dietary skin care products can also help to treat acne and blackheads.
Dietitian Julia Skrajda suggests what foods can promote acne lesions:
.
Harsh foods and spices.
Simple foods and spices.
Simple sugar, glucose syrups, fructose syrups and the like, so sweets, sweet drinks, sweet yoghurts.
Sugar.
Fatty, unfermented dairy products especially milk.
.
Foods with a high glycaemic index, which cause a big glucose peak and this increases inflammation in the body - including acne. Avoid fried, breaded and highly processed foods such as yeast, crisps, crackers.
Fatty meats and foods with a high glycaemic index.
Fatty meat, yellow or mouldy cheeses, rich in saturated fatty acids, which negatively affect lipid disruption and increase inflammatory processes.
.
Low intake of unsaturated fatty acids, which have an anti-inflammatory effect, also has an adverse effect on our skin condition. Beneficial fats can be found, for example, in avocados, seeds, kernels and olives.
.
.
Julia SkrajdaDietitian
.
.
..
For both acne-prone and vascular skin, it is important to supply B vitamins -especially B2 and B3, which affect the skin's hydration, keratinisation as well as regeneration status.
.
Julia SkrajdaDietitian
.
.
.
In cosmeticsacne skin care ingredients such as:
pansy extract,
.
hops extract,
.
aloe vera extract,
.
D-panthenol,
.
Tamanu oil,
.
jojoba oil,
.
rose oil,
.
orange oil,
.
colloidal silver,
.
For acne-prone skin, avoid mechanical scrubs - friction will flare up inflammation and make it harder for wounds and pimples to heal. Instead, try enzyme scrubs or clay-based cleansing masks and pastes (especially green and pink clays)and.
Facial care after 30 should be based on cosmetics containing antioxidants. These ingredients counteract free radicals, which are responsible for accelerated skin ageing. The best known are vitamins: A, C and E and carotenoids or coenzyme Q10.
It is equally important to protect against sunlight, which degrades collagen fibres in the skin and contributes to loss of firmness and wrinkles. Protect your skin with sunscreen, which should always be applied as the last step in your facial careand.
Care for skin after 40 is becoming increasingly focused on fighting wrinkles. It is also important to exfoliate dead skin, i.e. perform regular scrubs. In cosmetics, avoid drying ingredients such as ethyl alcohols. Instead, opt for hydration and regeneration. Useful ingredients include retinol, stem cells, peptides or flavonoids. And don't forget SPF filters.
Facial skin after 50 years of age becomes softer and loses more and more water. So when it comes to skincare, opt for nourishing creams full of vitamins (A, C and E), powerful moisturisers (such as hyaluronic acid) and ingredients that strengthen the skin's microbiota and hydrolipid barrier. Mature complexions also like regenerating oils. When cleansing, on the other hand, give up mechanical scrubs and replace them with enzymatic ones.
.
.
Remember that
.
Even the best creams and serums only work on the epidermal layer. They will therefore not be able to fill in wrinkles. By improving the hydration of the top layer of skin, they can only reduce their appearance to a certain extent. On the other hand, using the right cosmetics can prevent the deepening of existing wrinkles and the formation of new ones.
The only way to get rid of deep wrinkles is to visit a beauty salon or aesthetic medicine and use fillers. You can also try collagen supplementation, which will help rebuild skin structure from withinand.
Male skin is thicker than female skin. It has thicker layers of epidermis, more blood vessels and even a thicker layer of dermis. All this makes it slower to age. However, when wrinkles appear on it, they are much deeper and more visible than those in women.
It can be compared to two sheets of paper - one thin (i.e. women's skin), the other from a technical block (men's). Technical block is more difficult to crumple than regular paper, but if you manage to do so, once the sheets are stretched out, the marks on the technical block will be much more visible, although there will be fewer kinks than on a regular sheet of paper.
The marks on the technical block will be much more visible, although the kinks will be fewer than on a regular sheet of paper.
Additionally, men have more blood vessels and melanocytes in their skin. As a result, they tan more easily and are virtually unaffected by hyperpigmentation. There are also more sebaceous glands and therefore more sebum. Because of this men are more prone to acne.
Men's facial skin care should therefore be geared towards normalising the sebaceous glands, as well as soothing irritation after shaving. A moisturiser and one that protects the skin from the sun will also come in handy.
The skin should be protected from the sun.
It's a good idea to make sure your aftershave lotion doesn't contain ethyl alcohols (thankfully, pinching colognes are a thing of the past). Instead, choose a product with allantoin or panthenol - these substances promote healing and regenerationand.
A good cream is also a cornerstone of male grooming. Look for one with moisturisers and antioxidants in the formulation. And surprise: it doesn't have to say 'for men' on the packaging for you to use it.
Korean facial care
.
The Korean skincare ritual is a multi-step process that involves using a large number of different cosmetics. You need to dedicate a significant amount of time to it throughout the day, which can be an advantage for some and a disadvantage for others. Whatever your approach, know that not every complexion likes such rich skincare.
By using so many different products, you can simply overdo it. Your skin may become clogged or have an allergic reaction. However, some people find the principles of Korean skincare very appealing. If you would like to try them, I have listed them in a convenient table:
.
P>
Peeling**.
Sunscreen is a must.
Stage
Whether it consists
When/how often
.
.
1.
Purification with an oil-based product*
Fat is best dissolved in oil, so oil is perfect for removing make-up, sebum and residues from other cosmetics.
Cleansing with an oil-based product.
Two times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
Two times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
2.
.
Water-based cleaning
.
Wash away any residual oil with water and a suitable gel, cream or foam facial cleanser.
Water-based cleansing.
Two times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
Two times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
3.
Peeling**
Korean skincare involves frequent exfoliation. So choose a gentle preparation: fine-grained or enzymatic.
Once or twice a week.
.
4.
Tonation
Wipe your skin with cotton wool or spray a mist of tonic or hydrolate.
Tonate.
Two times a day - morning and evening.
.
5.
Essences
Essences are light, watery preparations that stand between hydrolates and serums. It is the first stage of skin nourishment in Korean skin care.
Daily.
.
6.
Serum
Apply the serum to the skin where the essence has been absorbed. In Korean skincare, serums are meant to address a specific problem such as fighting wrinkles or removing blemishes.
Two times a day - morning and evening.
.
7.
Mask
Masks in the form of a fabric sheet soaked in active ingredients are perhaps the most well-known part of Korean skincare. However, you don't have to limit yourself to just them. Simply treat your skin to an extra dose of nourishment.
Once or twice a week.
.
8.
Eye cream
Stick the cosmetic in with your fingertips. Do not rub, so as not to stretch the delicate skin around the eyes.
Take care not to stretch the delicate skin around the eyes.
Two times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
Two times a day - in the morning and in the evening.
9.
Moisturising cream
In Korean skincare, the main task of a face cream is to moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals.
Two times a day - morning and evening.
10.
Sunscreen
.
UV rays accelerate the skin's ageing process, so a sunscreen with SPF is essential. Always apply it as the last step of your skincare routine - just underneath your make-up (if you do).
Daily in the morning and as needed throughout the day. If you are outdoors reapply it preferably every two to three hours.
*Cleansing your skin with oils is a great time to give your skin a firming facial massage.
**For sensitive, vascular and acne-prone skin, exfoliating so often can be harmful.
.
Important
When trying new methods and rituals, don't stick blindly to their rules. Always pay attention to your skin's needs and observe its reactions. If you notice irritation discontinue their use. If you feel there is too much or too little of something, go ahead and try to modify the ritual to suit your requirements.
If you want to try Korean skincare products, check out these brands:
Japanese facial care is geared towards a holistic approach to beauty, as the result of a healthy lifestyle, proper diet and rich skincare. It is only by combining these elements that we are able to bring out the dormant beauty within us.
When it comes to the principles of Japanese facial skin care, they are the same as those of Korean skin care. Here, too, a ten-step ritual is relied upon, including deep cleansing, toning, essences, serums and a combination of creams.
Even the best skincare will fail if you don't provide your skin with nutrients along with your diet. Physical activity and adequate hydration will also help you to keep your skin in good condition.
The following are some of the best ways to do this.
In order to choose the right care, it is crucial to know the needs of your own skin. This task will make it easier for you to assign your skin to one of the skin types.
.
The basis of conscious facial skin care should be two-step cleansing - make-up removal alone is not enough.
.
It is worth modifying skincare products slightly to suit the season.
.
Every skin, regardless of age and type, needs moisturising - this is the basis for a healthy and youthful appearance.
As we age, the skin will need more antioxidant and anti-ageing ingredients to delay the skin's ageing process.
Men's facial skin is thicker and wrinkles appear more slowly on it, but it also needs care.
.
FAQ
..
How to care for your face after treatment with Isotretinoin
.
Izotek is the trade name for a drug containing isotretinoin. It is an anti-acne preparation prescribed by a doctor. For the duration of its use, you should stop cosmetics containing retinoids, exfoliants and those with drying and astringent effects.
Because the medication can cause the skin to dry out, it is advisable to use moisturising creams and to prevent water loss from the skin. It is also essential to use sunscreen.
.
How to care for your face after acids.
Facial care after acid treatments should be primarily gentle and focused on soothing. For cleansing, choose products with a pH between 5 and 5.5. Use cosmetics with panthenol, allantoin or chamomile extract - they will help to soothe irritation and regenerate the skin.
After acids, it is also necessary to use screen creams -they will prevent hyperpigmentation and protect against sunburn.
.
In what order should you wash your face?
.
First use cosmetic make-up remover. This can be an oil, micellar lotion or milk. Then reach for a cleanser, which is a gel, cream or foam - anything that will enable you to wash your face in water. Two-step facial cleansing allows cosmetics to be better absorbed and prevents the formation of blackheads and inflammatory lesions.
.
What toner or cream first?
.
Always use a toner first. Cream Apply only to toned skin. The rule is simple: cosmetics with a more watery consistency should be applied earlier. The thicker a product is, the later in the sequence it should be applied.
..
When to apply serums?
.
Facial serum can be applied as a standalone cosmetic skincare or in a duo with cream. Use it immediately after toning, on still slightly damp skin. If you want to apply a cream over the serum, wait until the first cosmetic is absorbed.
.
What to wash your face with in the morning and evening?
.
For daily facial skin care, choose mild cleansers that do not break down the skin's hydrolipid barrier and do not cause irritation. Ideally, the cosmetic should not have ethyl alcohols or soap in its composition. Choose gentle emulsions, gels or lotions that have a pH between 4.5 and 7.
..
Is it okay to wash your face with water alone?
.
It is not recommended to wash your face with water alone, as it cannot remove all impurities. Even if you do not use creams and colour cosmetics colour cosmetics, sebum builds up on your skin. Its excess is a breeding ground for bacteria and promotes clogged skin pores and inflammatory lesions.
Baumann, L. (2008). Understanding and Treating Various Skin Types: The Baumann Skin Type Indicator. Dermatologic Clinics, 26(3), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.det.2008.03.007
Bouslimani, A., da Silva, R., Kosciolek, T., Janssen, S., Callewaert, C., Amir, A., Dorrestein, K., Melnik, A. V., Zaramela, L. S., Kim, J.-N., Humphrey, G., Schwartz, T., Sanders, K., Brennan, C., Luzzatto-Knaan, T., Ackermann, G., McDonald, D., Zengler, K., Knight, R., & Dorrestein, P. C.. (2019). The impact of skin care products on skin chemistry and microbiome dynamics. BMC Biology, 17(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-019-0660-6
de Groot, A. C., & White, I. R. (2001). Cosmetics and Skin Care Products. In R. J. G. Rycroft, T. Menné, P. J. Frosch, & J.-P. Lepoittevin (Eds.), Textbook of Contact Dermatitis (pp. 661-685). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10302-9_32
Heng, A. H. S., & Chew, F. T. (2020). Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris. Scientific Reports, 10(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62715-3
Oliveira, R., Ferreira, J., Azevedo, L. F., & Almeida, I. F. (2023). An Overview of Methods to Characterize Skin Type: Focus on Visual Rating Scales and Self-Report Instruments. Cosmetics, 10(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics10010014
Rodan, K., Fields, K., Majewski, G., & Falla, T. (2016). Skincare Bootcamp: The Evolving Role of Skincare. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open, 4(12S), e1152. https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000001152
Tobiasz, A., Nowicka, D., & Szepietowski, J. C. (2022). Acne Vulgaris-Novel Treatment Options and Factors Affecting Therapy Adherence: A Narrative Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(24), Article 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247535
Zhang, L., Adique, A., Sarkar, P., Shenai, V., Sampath, M., Lai, R., Qi, J., Wang, M., & Farage, M. A. (2020). The Impact of Routine Skin Care on the Quality of Life. Cosmetics, 7(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics7030059
Al-Atif, H. (2022). Collagen Supplements for Aging and Wrinkles: A Paradigm Shift in the Fields of Dermatology and Cosmetics. Dermatology Practical & Conceptual, 12(1), e2022018. https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.1201a18
de Miranda, R. B., Weimer, P., & Rossi, R. C.. (2021). Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Dermatology, 60(12), 1449-1461. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15518
Emilia Moskal specialises in medical and psychological texts, including content for medical entities. She is a fan of simple language and reader-friendly communication. At Natu.Care, she writes educational articles.
Cosmetologist
Katarzyna Srebr
Verified by an expert
Cosmetologist and linergist with extensive experience working with clients with a wide range of skin health needs and concerns.
Editor-in-Chief
Bart Turczynski
Bart Turczynski is the editor-in-chief of Natu.Care. He is responsible for the quality of the content created on Natu.Care, among others, and ensures that all articles are based on sound scientific research and consulted with industry specialists.
Natu.Care Editor
Ludwik Jelonek
Ludwik Jelonek is the author of more than 2,500 texts published on leading portals. His content has found its way into services such as Ostrovit and Kobieta Onet. At Natu.Care, Ludwik educates people in the most important area of life - health.
.
![Dry skin on the face: causes, creams [how to moisturise the face].](https://images.ctfassets.net/3g1seohls9eu/57IsD0BYI9rBLzCAnlfc6Z/0b0d2814444a59edd1c87235d6061010/krem-do-twarzy-hero.jpg)
